(DOWNLOAD) "Just Peace and the Asymmetric Threat: National Self-Defense in Uncharted Waters." by Harvard Journal of Law & Public Policy " eBook PDF Kindle ePub Free
eBook details
- Title: Just Peace and the Asymmetric Threat: National Self-Defense in Uncharted Waters.
- Author : Harvard Journal of Law & Public Policy
- Release Date : January 22, 2004
- Genre: Law,Books,Professional & Technical,
- Pages : * pages
- Size : 305 KB
Description
On September 11, 2001, the United States awoke sleepily on a warm, bright blue late-summer day; by 9:30 a.m., it was violently thrown into a new era of history. A non-state actor, a loosely unified yet tightly disciplined terrorist network, operating in some four-score nations around the world, had just put an exclamation point on the war it had declared some years earlier, a war that everyone else had simply tried to ignore. This lethal reminder of the war, through a set of "sneak attacks" that made the Japanese attack at Pearl Harbor seem positively conventional, threw into disarray some of our classical conceptions about war. It forced us to rethink our notions of just war theory, on the one hand, and the legitimacy of various phases of subsequent acts of war (Afghanistan, Iraq) in addition to the legitimacy of turning to the United Nations, or going it alone, on the other. It has presented us with two new challenges we must face: making necessary revisions to just war theory and formulating new arguments about legitimacy in war and in peace. Barely one hundred years after Mohammed founded the expanding faith of Islam in what is today Saudi Arabia, his armies had conquered all of the Middle East, all of North Africa, all of Spain, and were soon marching into southern France. There, in AD 732, they were hurled back. In 1095, after 300 years of suffering retreat, harassment, raids, kidnappings, and the enslavement of captives, the Christians of Europe began the counterattack, the First Crusade. They regained the Holy Land and much of the Eastern Mediterranean coast by 1099, and held these for some generations. By 1200, however, Muslim armies began pushing the Christian forces back toward Europe, and gradually reclaimed the Eastern Mediterranean as a Muslim sea.
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